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Guía de Aves

El Pinzón Mexicano

Especies Focales Principales

El Pinzón Mexicano es un pájaro recientemente introducido desde el oeste de Norte América al este del continente y Hawaii. Sin embargo, ha sido mejor recibido que otras especies de aves introducidas como el Estornino Europeo y el Gorrión Doméstico. En parte, esto se debe a los colores alegres de la cabeza y pecho de los machos pinzones, y al gorjeo prolongado de su canto que hoy en día puedes escuchar en la mayoría de los barrios del continente. Si no has visto Pinzones Mexicanos recientemente, puedes encontrar la oportunidad de verlos en el próximo comedero que encuentres a tu paso.

Distribución


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range map
Explora en un mapa interactivo de eBird Sightings
habitat icon

Hábitat

Los Pinzones Mexicanos son aves comunes en hábitats creados por el ser humano, incluyendo edificios, jardines, pinos pequeños y centros urbanos. En áreas más rurales, se les encuentra en graneros y establos. En el oeste, su lugar de origen, los pinzones Mexicanos viven en hábitats silvestres incluyendo desiertos áridos, pastizales del desierto, chaparrales, sabanas de robles, orillas de riachuelos, y bosques coníferos abiertos a más de 6,000 pies de altura.

food icon

Alimentación

Los Pinzones Mexicanos comen casi exclusivamente vegetales, incluyendo semillas, brotes y frutas. Alimentos silvestres incluyen semillas de mostazas silvestres, polígonos, cardos, moras, robles venenosos, cactus, y muchas otras especies. En los cultivos de árboles frutales, los Pinzones Mexicanos comen guindas, albaricoques, duraznos, peras, ciruelas, fresas, moras, e higos. En los comederos de aves, prefieren comer semillas de girasol negro en vez de las semillas de girasol con rayas, mijo, y sorgo.

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Comportamiento

El Pinzón Mexicano es un pájaro muy sociable. Rara vez se le ve solitario fuera de la época de apareamiento, y puede llegar a formar grandes bandadas de cientos de pájaros. Los Pinzones Mexicanos suelen comer en el suelo, en comederos de aves, o en árboles frutales. Cuando descansan, suelen pararse en la rama más alta de un árbol, y las bandadas se posan sobre los postes de electricidad. Durante el cortejo, a veces los machos alimentan a las hembras, acto que comienza con la hembra picoteando suavemente el pico del macho y aleteando. El macho simula darle comida varias veces, hasta que finalmente la alimenta.

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Anidación

El nido del Pinzón Mexicano es un tazón hecho de ramas finas, hojas, raicillas, palitos delgados, tiritas, lana, y plumas, con un recubrimiento interior similar pero de materiales más finos. El diámetro del nido es de 3 a 7 pulgadas, mientras que su interior mide de 1 a 3 pulgadas de ancho, y 2 pulgadas de profundidad.

Apariencia

Sonidos Típicos

Finches
icon-finch-small.png

© William R. Fish / Macaulay Library

Tamaño y Apariencia

Los Pinzones Mexicanos son pinzones de cuerpos pequeños, picos relativamente grandes, y cabezas planas y alargadas. Tienen alas cortas, haciendo que sus colas parezcan más largas. Muchos pinzones tienen colas con ranuras muy definidas pero el Pinzón Mexicano tiene una cola con sólo una ranura pequeña.

Colores del Ave

Los machos adultos tienen la cara y la parte superior de su pecho rosa oscuro, o rojizo, y en algunos casos, amarillo. Además, tienen rayas cafés en la espalda, el abdomen, y la cola. En vuelo, la rabadilla roja es muy llamativa. Las hembras adultas no tienen rojo, rosa, ni amarillo en el cuerpo, son de color café grisáceo simple, con rayas gruesas poco definidas, y una cara sin marcas que destacar.


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Fotos de la Especie

Especies Parecidas

Los Pinzones Mexicanos tienen rayas grisáceas poco definidas en el vientre y costados, a diferencia del Pinzón de Cassin y los Pinzones Morados. Las hembras del Pinzón Mexicano tienen una cabeza café sin marcas destacadas, mientras que las hembras de los Pinzones Morados tienen marcas café y blancas en la cabeza. Las hembras de los Gorriones Domésticos son de café más intenso arriba, tienen rayas café claro en la espalda y un pecho y vientre sin rayas. La forma del pico distingue al Pinzón Mexicano: es mocho, redondeado y sin una punta afilada. Los Pinzones Morados y de Cassin tienen picos más largos y puntiagudos. Los Dominicos Pineros son mucho más rayados que las hembras del Pinzón Mexicano, con parches amarillos en las alas, y un pico mas delgado y puntiagudo.

¿Sabías que…?

  • El color rojo o amarillo del macho deriban de pigmentos en su comida. Cuanto más pigmento hay en la comida, más rojo es el macho. Las hembras prefieren aparearse con los machos más rojos.
  • El excremento de los recién nacidos está encerrado en una bolsa llamada saco fecal (esto es cierto para la mayoría de las aves). Los padres se comen el saco fecal de los recién nacidos durante los primeros cinco días. Mientras que los padres canores de otras especies se llevan los sacos fecales lejos del nido después de que dejan de comerlos, los Pinzones Mexicanos padres dejan que los sacos fecales se acumulen alrededor del borde del nido.