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Guía de Aves

Herrerillo Bicolor

Especies Regionales

Ésta es una pequeña ave gris con una voz resonante. El Herrerillo Bicolor es común en bosques de hoja caduca al este, y también es un visitante frecuente en comederos para aves. Sus grandes ojos negros, su redondeado pico pequeño, y su mullida cresta, le dan a esta ave una expresión calma pero ansiosa, que concuerda con su forma de revolotear por entre las copas de árboles, de pararse en tallos, y de aterrizar en comederos para aves. Cuando un Herrerillo Bicolor encuentra semillas grandes, se les puede ver acarreándolas a alguna rama, en donde las rompen golpeándolas con su robusto pico.

Distribución


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range map
Explora en un mapa interactivo de eBird Sightings
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Hábitat

El Herrerillo Bicolor vive en bosques de hoja caduca, o bosques mixtos de árboles de hoja caduca y perenne, típicamente en lugares con árboles de variadas especies y de copas frondosas. También son comunes en huertos, parques y áreas suburbanas. El Herrerillo Bicolor prefiere las alturas geográficas bajas y raramente se ven a elevaciones por sobre los 2000 pies (610 m).

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Alimentación

En verano, el Herrerillo Bicolor come principalmente insectos, como orugas, escarabajos, hormigas y avispas, además de chinches, membrácidos, arañas y caracoles. El Herrerillo Bicolor también come semillas, nueces y bayas, tales como las bellotas y las bayas del hayuco. Experimentos en Herrerillo Bicolor han revelado que: ellos siempre escogen la semilla más grande que pueden cuando buscan alimento.

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Comportamiento

El Herrerillo Bicolor revolotea por entre las copas de los árboles buscando comida, saltando de una rama a otra, y a veces en compañía de otras aves, como bajapalos, carboneros, reyezuelos y carpinteros. Cuando encuentran alguna semilla particularmente grande, como las de girasol en comederos, este carbonero las aprisiona con sus patas y luego las martilla con su pico hasta romperlas. En el otoño e invierno, a veces almacena estas semillas con cáscara en surcos a lo largo de la corteza de árboles. Esta ave acrobática, a veces, queda cabeza abajo o de lado, mientras busca alimento investigando piñas de coníferas, partes bajas de tallos, o ramales. A veces van directamente al suelo para buscar semillas caídas o insectos. Es un ave con variadas vocalizaciones y responde rápidamente a los sonidos de otras aves agitadas, acercándose a investigar o agrupándose para asediar a algún depredador.

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Anidación

El Herrerillo Bicolor construye una copa dentro de la cavidad del nido, hecha de ramas muertas, musgos, pastos, y tiras de corteza. Revisten el nido con materiales suaves, como pelo, piel, lana y algodón, a veces extrayendo pelos directamente de mamíferos vivos. Naturalistas que han examinado sus nidos han encontrado pelos de mapaches, zarigüeyas, perros, zorros ardilla, ardillas rojas, conejos, caballos, vacas, gatos, ratones, marmotas americanas, e incluso humanos. La construcción del nido toma de 6 a 11 días.

Apariencia

Sonidos Típicos

Chickadees
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© Brad Walker / Macaulay Library

Tamaño y Apariencia

Da la impresión que el Herrerillo Bicolor se ve más grande que las otras aves que llegan a los comederos para aves, quizás por su cabeza y ojos grandes, cuello grueso, y cuerpo fornido. Es fácil de reconocer, incluso solo por su silueta, gracias a su cresta incipiente y su pico robusto.

Colores del Ave

Es de un suave color gris plateado y blanco en sus partes bajas; tiene un leve color óxido o durazno bajo sus costados. El parche negro justo por sobre su pico de la impresión de una nariz respingada.


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Fotos de la Especie

Especies Parecidas

Comparadas con la frente negra y la cresta gris del Herrerillo Bicolor, la frente del Carbonero de Cresta Negra de la parte central de Texas es más blanca, y su cresta es totalmente negra. Los carboneros sin cresta por otra parte, son algo mas pequeños, y tienen un llamativo blanquinegro en la cabeza, mejillas y garganta. El Carbonero Sencillo y el Carbonero Piñonero al oeste del Estados Unidos, no habitan el mismo territorio que el Herrerillo Bicolor, y además son más pequeños y de un color café más simple.

¿Sabías que…?

  • El Herrerillo Bicolor anida en árboles y nidales, pero no pueden excavar sus propias cavidades para el nido. Por el contrario, usan agujeros naturales o cavidades dejadas por carpinteros. La dependencia de esta especie a la madera muerta, para construir sus nidos, es la razón por la cual es importante dejar que los árboles muertos se queden en los bosques en vez de cortarlos.
  • A diferencia de otros carboneros, las parejas de Herrerillo Bicolor no se asocian en grandes bandadas fuera de la temporada de reproducción. Por el contrario, la mayoría se queda en un territorio como pareja. Frecuentemente una de sus crías se queda con ellos por el resto del año, y a veces otras se es les unen. Muy raramente, una cría se queda con sus padres hasta la siguiente temporada de reproducción para ayudar a criar a la siguiente camada.